Basic commands to get around the Synology Box using the CLI

2011-09-08T15:38:28Z

83.81.69.235: /* Change Loged in user */

__TOC__

==File Management==
===To edit a text file (using vi)===
For info on how to use vi see [[Linux VI Editor|Basic commands for Linux vi Editor]]
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>vi /location_of_file/file_name</pre>
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===To go to a directory===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>cd /directoryName</pre>
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===Make a directory===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>mkdir /directoryName</pre>
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===List contents of Directory===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>dir</pre>
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===Check size of Directory and sub-directories===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>du -ah /path/to/dir</pre>
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===Find a file===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>find / -name fileName</pre>
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===Delete a file===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>rm fileName</pre>
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===Delete a directory and its content===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>rm -r directoryName</pre>
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*Note: Use this command with great care

===Move or Rename a file===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>mv /sourceDirectory/sourceFile /destination</pre>
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===Copy a file===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>cp /sourceDirectory/sourceFile /destination</pre>
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===Copy groups of files===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>cp /sourceDirectory/*.* /destination</pre>
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===Copy a directory and any sub directories===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>cp -r -p /sourceDirectory /destinationpath</pre>
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===Create a uncompressed tar (.tar) archive===
To create a uncompressed (.tar) archive of all files directories and subdirectories in the current directory:
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>tar -cvf archivefilename.tar *</pre>
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===Create a compressed tar (.tgz) archive===
To create a compressed (.tgz) archive of all files directories and subdirectories in the current directory:
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>tar -cvzf archivefilename.tgz *</pre>
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===Unpack .tar archives===
For uncompressed .tar archives:
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>tar xvf file.tar</pre>
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===Unpack .tar.gz archives===
For gzip compressed .tar.gz archives:
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>tar xvzf file.tar.gz</pre>
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==System Management==

===Reboot the Synology box===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>reboot</pre>
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===Shutdown the Synology box===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>poweroff</pre>
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===Stop a process===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>kill processID</pre>
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===Stop a program===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>killall programName</pre>
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===Display most current processes running===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>top</pre>
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===Report disk space usage===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>df</pre>
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===Show all current processes===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>ps –ef</pre>
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==Show currently open ports and their status==
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>netstat -an</pre>
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===Change Logged in user===
If you are logged in as root you can open a new shell as if you just logged in as another user, substitute xxx with the user name. To return to root session use "exit"

{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>su – xxx</pre>
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===Install a ipkg program package===
Note: This assumes you have already installed ipkg itself.
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>ipkg install fileName</pre>
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===Uninstall a ipkg program package===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>ipkg remove filename</pre>
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==Restart Services==

===apache===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S97apache-user.sh restart</pre>
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===appletalk===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S81atalk.sh restart</pre>
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===cron===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S04crond.sh stop
/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S04crond.sh start</pre>
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===ftp===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S99ftpd.sh restart</pre>
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===index===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S66synoindexd.sh restart</pre>
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===itunes===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S99itunes.sh restart</pre>
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===mysql===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S21mysql.sh restart</pre>
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===nfs===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S83nfsd.sh restart</pre>
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===postgresql===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S20pgsql.sh restart</pre>
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===samba===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S80Samba.sh restart</pre>
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===SSH===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>/usr/syno/etc.defaults/rc.d/S95sshd.sh restart</pre>
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==System Information==

===Check system memory info===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>cat /proc/meminfo</pre>
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===Check CPU Info===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>cat /proc/cpuinfo</pre>
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===Check Interrupts in use===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>cat /proc/interrupts</pre>
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===Check File Systems in use===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>cat /proc/filesystems</pre>
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===Comprehensive information on the file system format===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>tune2fs -l /dev/hda3</pre>
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===Check Linux Version===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>cat /proc/version</pre>
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===Check RAID Devices===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>cat /proc/mdstat</pre>
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===Check Enviroment Variables===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>env</pre>
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===Check what physical and logical disks/partitions you have===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|For multibay NASs and more info
<pre>cat /proc/diskstats</pre>
or for all NAS types
<pre>cat /proc/partitions</pre>
or for similar but different info
<pre>fdisk -l</pre>
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==Miscellaneous==
===Clear terminal screen===
{| border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left"
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|<pre>clear</pre>
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Basic commands to get around the Synology Box using the CLI