Debian package management

APT

• the Debian APT = Advanced Packaging Tool
  • update and upgrade

$ sudo apt-get update  # update is used to resynchronize the package index files from their sources
$ sudo apt-get upgrade # upgrade is used to install the newest versions of all packages currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated in /etc/apt/sources.list

dealing with packages files (dpkg ... .deb)

• https://manpages.debian.org/unstable/dpkg/dpkg.1.en.html
• http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/dpkg.1.html
• https://www.systutorials.com/docs/linux/man/1-dpkg/

what's the official package name?

$ dpkg --info PACKAGE.deb

which files are included? will be created from this package file?

$ dpkg --contents PACKAGE.deb

install the Debian package:

$ sudo dpkg --install PACKAGE.deb

dealing with installed packages (dpkg-query)

• https://manpages.debian.org/unstable/dpkg/dpkg-query.1.en.html
• http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/dpkg-query.1.html
• https://www.systutorials.com/docs/linux/man/1-dpkg-query/

which packages are installed (together with a couple of details)?

$ dpkg-query --list

is there an installed package, that sounds like XYZ?

$ dpkg-query --list | fgrep XYZ

details of an installed package (that you know the name of, e.g. PACKAGE):

$ dpkg-query --list PACKAGE

all details of specified package:

$ dpkg-query --status PACKAGE

what's the content of an installed package (e.g. PACKAGE)?

$ dpkg-query --listfiles PACKAGE

which installed package includes a certain FILE (utility, ...)?

$ dpkg-query --search FILE

... (dpkg-source)

• https://manpages.debian.org/unstable/dpkg-dev/dpkg-source.1.en.html

...

$ dpkg-source --extract ....dsc

needs a:

• *.dsc
• *.debian.tar.*
• *.orig.tar.*

rpm2deb

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rpm_(software)
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alien_(software)
• https://manpages.debian.org/unstable/alien/alien.1p.en.html
• https://manpages.debian.org/unstable/pseudo/fakeroot.1.en.html
• https://manpages.debian.org/unstable/fakeroot-ng/fakeroot.1.en.html
• https://www.howtoforge.com/converting_rpm_to_deb_with_alien : alien -k ... (important)
• https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/9714/what-is-the-need-for-fakeroot-command-in-linux#9720 (important)

alien --to-deb ...

this command line creates a Debian package from an RPM package (using that e-mail address for the (local Debian) package maintainer).
CAVEAT: won't actually work, because creating a Debian package requires running this as root

$ env EMAIL='john.doe@COMPANY.com' alien --to-deb --keep-version ...

some command line parameters can only get passied to "alien" as environment variables.

fakeroot ...

you do not have root priviliges, but you need to pretend to have them for achieving certain goals like creating a Debian package:

$ fakeroot --unknown-is-real ...

open questions

• how to deal with dependencies specified within the RPM package?
• …

history of this article

This blog article got created 1st, but then the content got moved here to the wiki:

• http://Jochen.Hayek.name/wp/blog-en/2018/04/13/rpm2deb/