Basic commands to get around the Synology Box using the CLI

File Management

To edit a text file (using vi)

For info on how to use vi see Basic commands for Linux vi Editor

vi /location_of_file/file_name

To go to a directory

cd /directoryName

Make a directory

mkdir /directoryName

List contents of Directory

dir

Check size of Directory and sub-directories

du -ah /path/to/dir

Find a file

find / -name fileName

Delete a file

rm fileName

Delete a directory and its content

rm -r directoryName

• Note: Use this command with great care

Move or Rename a file

mv /sourceDirectory/sourceFile /destination

Copy a file

cp /sourceDirectory/sourceFile /destination

Copy groups of files

cp /sourceDirectory/*.* /destination

Copy a directory and any sub directories

cp -r -p /sourceDirectory /destinationpath

Create a uncompressed tar (.tar) archive

To create a uncompressed (.tar) archive of all files directories and subdirectories in the current directory:

tar -cvf archivefilename.tar *

Create a compressed tar (.tgz) archive

To create a compressed (.tgz) archive of all files directories and subdirectories in the current directory:

tar -cvzf archivefilename.tgz *

Unpack .tar archives

For uncompressed .tar archives:

tar xvf file.tar

Unpack .tar.gz archives

For gzip compressed .tar.gz archives:

tar xvzf file.tar.gz

System Management

Reboot the Synology box

reboot

Shutdown the Synology box

poweroff

Stop a process

kill processID

Stop a program

killall programName

Display most current processes running

top

Report disk space usage

df

Show all current processes

ps –ef

Show currently open ports and their status

netstat -an

Change Logged in user

If you are logged in as root you can open a new shell as if you just logged in as another user, substitute xxx with the user name. To return to root session use "exit"

su – xxx

Install a ipkg program package

Note: This assumes you have already installed ipkg itself.

ipkg install fileName

Uninstall a ipkg program package

ipkg remove filename

Restart Services

apache

/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S97apache-user.sh restart

appletalk

/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S81atalk.sh restart

cron

/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S04crond.sh stop /usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S04crond.sh start

ftp

/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S99ftpd.sh restart

index

/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S66synoindexd.sh restart

itunes

/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S99itunes.sh restart

mysql

/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S21mysql.sh restart

nfs

/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S83nfsd.sh restart

postgresql

/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S20pgsql.sh restart

samba

/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S80Samba.sh restart

SSH

/usr/syno/etc.defaults/rc.d/S95sshd.sh restart

System Information

Check system memory info

cat /proc/meminfo

Check CPU Info

cat /proc/cpuinfo

Check Interrupts in use

cat /proc/interrupts

Check File Systems in use

cat /proc/filesystems

Comprehensive information on the file system format

tune2fs -l /dev/hda3

Check Linux Version

cat /proc/version

Check RAID Devices

cat /proc/mdstat

Check Enviroment Variables

env

Check what physical and logical disks/partitions you have

For multibay NASs and more info cat /proc/diskstats or for all NAS types cat /proc/partitions or for similar but different info fdisk -l

Miscellaneous

Clear terminal screen

clear